Overview
Leukaemia is a type of cancer that starts in the bone marrow and blood, leading to uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells that crowd out healthy cells. At Sarvodaya Cancer Institute, we deliver comprehensive care, from rapid diagnosis to advanced treatments, guided by a multidisciplinary team.
Treatment Options for leukaemia include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and bone marrow/stem cell transplant, supported by infection control and 24×7 critical care. We also offer next‑generation CAR T‑cell therapy, bringing new hope with precise, immune‑based treatment.
Symptoms of Leukaemia cancer
- Persistent fatigue, weakness, or pallor (anaemia)
- Frequent or recurrent infections (low immunity)
- Easy bruising, nosebleeds, or gum bleeding (low platelets)
- Fever and night sweats
- Unexplained weight loss
- Painless swollen lymph nodes (neck, armpits, groin)
Causes of Leukaemia cancer
- Genetic changes in bone marrow cells.
- Older age
- Family history
- Certain inherited syndromes
- Past chemotherapy, high‑dose radiation exposure
- Chemical exposures (e.g., benzene) and some viral infections
- Smoking and immune system disorders can increase risk
Diagnosis of Leukaemia Cancer
Accurate diagnosis starts with simple tests and builds step‑by‑step to confirm the type and plan treatment safely, guided by a top oncologist in Faridabad.
- Complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral smear: Checks for abnormal white cells, anaemia, or low platelets; smear reviews cell shape and maturity.
- Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy: Confirms leukaemia in the marrow and helps classify the subtype accurately.
- Flow cytometry and immunophenotyping: Identify specific cell markers to define the exact leukaemia lineage.
- Cytogenetics and molecular testing (e.g., PCR/NGS): Find chromosomal changes and mutations that guide targeted therapy and prognosis.
- Imaging (X‑ray/CT/MRI/PET‑CT) and lumbar puncture when indicated: Assesses organ or CNS involvement in select cases for staging and planning.
- Multidisciplinary tumour board discussion: Haemato‑oncology, medical oncology, pathology, radiology, BMT, and supportive care teams finalise a personalised plan.
Treatment of Leukaemia Cancer
- Chemotherapy and targeted therapy: Evidence‑based regimens with targeted drugs against specific mutations or pathways for higher precision and better tolerability.
- Immunotherapy: Monoclonal antibodies and modern immune‑based treatments are integrated where indicated to deepen responses.
- CAR T cell therapy: For select relapsed refractory cases (e.g., B cell ALL lymphomas), CAR T reprograms a patient’s T cells to find and destroy cancer cells, offering durable remissions in eligible patients.
- Bone marrow stem cell transplant (autologous allogeneic): Performed for suitable indications in a controlled, sterile environment to rebuild healthy blood‑forming cells after intensive therapy.
- Radiation therapy (when required): Used in specific scenarios (e.g., sanctuary sites, palliation) with precision platforms to protect normal tissue.
- Comprehensive supportive care: Infection control, transfusions, growth factors, nutrition, counselling, and ICU backup ensure safety throughout treatment.
Prevention & Lifestyle Modification
While leukaemia cannot always be prevented, a healthy lifestyle supports recovery and treatment tolerance. At Sarvodaya Hospital, our cancer specialist in Delhi NCR offers holistic guidance every step of the way.
- Avoid tobacco and limit alcohol: Smoking and heavy alcohol use can weaken the immune system and interfere with treatment. Eliminating tobacco and moderating alcohol consumption promote better outcomes.
- Protect against chemical exposure: If your work involves chemicals like benzene or formaldehyde, follow safety protocols, use personal protective equipment, and undergo periodic health checks.
- Maintain up-to-date vaccinations: In consultation with your care team, stay current with vaccines like influenza and pneumonia, especially if your immune system is compromised due to treatment.
- Practice good hygiene: Frequent handwashing, avoiding contact with sick individuals, and promptly treating minor infections help reduce your risk of serious illness during immunosuppression.
- Follow a balanced, nutrient rich diet: Focus on a plant forward, protein rich diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains to fuel recovery and maintain strength.
- Manage stress effectively: Mindfulness techniques, counselling, or support groups can help manage anxiety, depression, or emotional fatigue throughout the treatment journey.
Pre and Post Leukaemia Cancer Treatment Lifestyle Modifications
Pre treatment Modifications
- Medical optimisation and medicines review
- Vaccinations, infection prevention, and hygiene
- Nutrition and activity
- Care planning and support
Post treatment Modifications
- Infection vigilance and prophylaxis
- Gradual exercise and rehabilitation
- Diet, hydration, and symptom tracking
- Long‑term surveillance
